| Sıra | DOSYA ADI | Format | Bağlantı |
|---|---|---|---|
| 01. | Fonts Disabilities Visual Final | pptx | Sunumu İndir |
Transkript
Create an Accessible PowerPoint PresentationThe Center for the Advancement of Teaching
What is Accessibility?Wikipedia Defines accessibility as being the degree to which a product, device, service or environment is available to as many people as possible.
What is Accessibility?(continued)Microsoft Defines accessibility as making something that can be usable by anyone – including those with disabilities. Since it is difficult to find out specifics about our audience, we need to create documents and presentations that are as accessible as possible for everyone.
Accessible PowerPoint PresentationsWhy?• Better screen reader navigation– Screen readers read a presentation using synthesized speech for the blind and low vision – Introduction to the Screen Reader– Screen reader Demonstration• Better communicate content to all people– Sufficient structure and contrast to enable a presentation to be understood
How to Navigate this Presentation• Slides are presented in 3 ways:– Why: Presents the rationale for the required or suggested guideline presented– Hands-on/Try It: Complete the activity specified on the slide– How-To: For reference only. Read the information so that you will know how to accomplish the task presented at another time • Have fun!
ACCESSIBILITY CHECKERIdentify & Fix Accessibility Problems
Use the Accessibility CheckerWhy?• Identifies potential accessibility issues.• Flags issues into three categories:– Errors: Content is difficult or impossible to understand– Warnings: Content in most, but not all cases difficult to understand– Tips: Content could be presented in a better way to improve user experience• Offers recommendations to fix problems
Use the Accessibility CheckerHands-On: Try It1. Select the File tab from the Ribbon2. Select Info from the left menu3. Select the Check Issues button, and then Check Accessibility4. The Accessibility Checker task pane appears to the right.5. View the Inspection Results
ALTERNATIVE TEXTIdentify Objects
Describe Non-Text ElementsWhy?• Images & objects cannot be discerned by a screen reader:– Pictures & Logos– Charts & Tables– Auto Shapes & Smart Art Graphics– Embedded & Grouped Objects
Add Alternative Text to ImagesHands-On: Fix It!1. Right-click the image on this slide2. From the menu that appears, select Format Picture, and then select Alt Text3. In the Title window, enter a title for this picture, for example, “Lecture Hall”4. In the Description window, enter text that best describes the scene, for example, “Instructor teaching a class of students in a large lecture hall.”5. Select the Close button
Add Alternative Text to ChartsHow to!1. On the Chart’s border, right click2. From the menu that appears, select Format Chart Area3. On the Format Chart Area dialog box, select Alt Text4. In the Description window, read the suggested descriptive narrative text5. Select the Close buttonBlackboard, 60Accessible PDF; 40WebEx; 38Workshop Attendance for June
Add Alternative Text to TablesHands-On: Fix It1. Right-click the table on this slide2. From the menu that appears, select Format Shape3. On the Format Shape menu dialog box, select Alt Text4. In the Title window, enter a title for this chart, for example, “Enrollment data by department”.5. In the Description window, enter text that best describes the content, for example, “This enrollment status list provides the names of students, their department, and enrollment status.”6. Select the Close buttonName Dept EnrollmentAlbert EinsteinMath Part-timeJohn LennonMusic Full-timeClaude MonetPainting Full-time
TABLESDefine the Structure
Define a Clear Table StructureWhy?• To enable screen readers to better navigate content accomplished by:– Clear column headings– Ensuring that the focus moves across the row and then down to the first cell of the next row– Avoiding Blank cells (causes a screen reader to believe that there is nothing more on the table to be read)
Activity Description % of Final GradeAttendance Attendance criteria 20%Project 1 Project 1 criteria 10%Test 1 Test 1 criteria 10%Midterm Exam Midterm criteria 15%Group project Group project criteria 20%Test 2 Test 2 criteria 10%Final Exam Final exam criteria 15%1. Select the first cell2. Continually tap the [Tab] key3. Ensure that the focus moves across the rows and then downDefine a Clear Table StructureHands-On: Test it!
1. View the Warnings in the Inspection Results pane for this table2. Delete the empty column3. Split the merged cell and adjust text accordingly4. Read instructions in the Notes pane on how to split a merged cellDefine a Clear Table StructureHands-On: Fix it!Activity Description % of Final GradeAttendance Attendance criteria 20%Project 1 Project 1 criteriaTest 1 criteria10%Test 1 10%Midterm Exam Midterm criteria 15%Group project Group project criteria 20%Test 2 Test 2 criteria 10%Final Exam Final exam criteria 15%
Define a Header Row for a Data TableWhy?• Row and column headers: – Distinguishes the heading text from the data area– Provides context of table’s the contents– Assists screen readers with navigation
Define a Header RowHands-On: Fix It1. Select the first row of the table2. Select the Design tab from the Table Tools menu3. In the Table Styles Options group, select the Header Row checkbox.Name Dept EnrollmentAlbert EinsteinMath Part-timeJohn Lennon Music Full-timeClaude Monet Painting Full-time
SLIDESDefine the Structure
Ensure that Slides Have Unique TitlesWhy?• For those who cannot view slides:– Slide titles are used for navigation – Slide titles are used for selection• Example: If two slides have the same title, there will be no distinction between them when read by a screen reader• Proceed to the next slide where you will notice that the slide contains the same title as this slide
Ensure that Slides Have Unique TitlesWhy?1. This slide contains the same title as the previous slide2. Read the Tip reported for this slide in the Inspection Results Pane3. Change the title for this slide– Replace the word Why? with the word Continued
Add visible titles to your slides:1. Select Outline View from the pane2. Place the mouse pointer to the right of the Title slide box for this slide3. Type a unique nameTip: To restore a deleted slide placeholder text box, select Reset from the Slides Group on the Home tab.
Create an Invisible Slide TitleWhy?• A presenter may prefer not to have a slide title as it may interfere with the design of a slide• An Invisible slide will be represented in Outline View to be read by screen readers
Create an Invisible Slide TitleHands-On: Try It1. Select the Home tab, and then select Arrange from the Drawing Group2. Select Selection Pane3. View the Selection and Visibility pane to the right4. Select the eye icon to the right of the title, for example, Title 15. Notice that the title is hidden from this slide, however, the slide title remains on the Outline
Verify the Reading Order of ObjectsWhy?• Screen readers:– Cannot display all of a slide’s content at once– Read content in the order that they are added to a slide• Information must be coherent when read aloud• Objects used that are not part of a slide template may not be in the correct order to be read
Verify the Order of ObjectsHands-On: Try It1. Return to Slide view2. Proceed to the next slide3. Click on any open area on the slide4. Tap the Tab key to select the next shape in sequence5. Follow the instructions presented on the next slide to fix the incorrect order of objects
Fix the Order of Slide ElementsHands-On: Fix It2. From the Arrange menu select Selection Pane3. From the Selection & Visibility pane on the right, select an item to be placed in the correct reading order1. Select Home tab, select Arrange from Drawing section4. Select the Re-order arrows to place the item in the correct reading order.Note: The bottom most item in the Arrange panel is read first
Create Meaningful HyperlinksWhy?• Screen readers scan documents for links and will read them• Hyperlinks must be descriptive to the end user• Hyperlinks that are typed in full will be helpful for people who will be reading presentations converted to printed material
Create Meaningful HyperlinksExamples• Example of a non-descriptive link:– Hands-on training is available for instructors on the methods and best practices to create accessible Word documents for students. Read more . . .• Example of a descriptive link:– The Computer Services training and workshop schedule at http://seminars.temple.edu lists hands-on workshops that are available for instructors on the methods and best practices to create accessible PowerPoint presentations for an audience.
Create Meaningful HyperlinksHow to• Select the text that you want to use for the hyperlink• Right-click the text• From the Insert Hyperlink menu, type the web address in the Address: window• Select OK
MULTIMEDIACommunicate
Caption Audio & VideoWhy?• Essential for those with hearing loss• Essential for those with auditory processing issues
Caption Audio & VideoHow-To• If inserted videos do not include a caption:– Identify a tool or service to provide a captionOR– Provide a transcript• Include who is talking• Describe sounds such as music or voices• Learn how to create a transcript– Visit the ACCESS site at Colorado State University– http://accessproject.colostate.edu/udl/modules/multimedia/tut_video_transcript.php
SLIDE DESIGNBest Practices
Use a Pre-defined Slide LayoutWhy?• Slide Layouts hold slide placeholder text and graphic boxes that are set to:– Enable Screen Readers to read content– Ensure structured headings and lists– Ensure proper reading order • Slide attributes convert to PDF
View the Slide LayoutHands-On: Try It!1. Select the Home tab from the Ribbon2. Select Layout from the Slides group3. View the predefined layouts that are available
Choose a Suitable Font Type & SizeWhy?• People with certain disabilities have problems using a computer to read:– Serif Fonts• Example: Times New Roman, Garamond– Italics• The recommended fonts for electronic presentations and the Web:– Sans-Serif Fonts• Example: Verdana, Arial, Tahoma
Choose a Suitable Font Type & Size(continued)• Reserve underlined text for links• Fonts no less than 24 points– Text needs to be readable from the back of a room
Choose Suitable ColorsWhy?• Color blind people have difficulty reading: – Combination of red and green or– Combination of green and yellow• Color used to indicate a point of interest cannot be discerned by the visually impaired (i.e. the required items are in red)– Use an * to indicate a point of interest– Ensure that circles, or arrows, or other graphics used to indicate a point of interest has associated “Alt” Text
Correct a Font Type, Color, & SizeHow-To1. Select the Home tab on the Ribbon2. View the tools in the Font group 3. Select the text to be corrected, and then select the appropriate tool from the group
Select a Pre-Defined Design TemplateWhy?• The Design tab on the Ribbon displays pre-defined template styles that ensures:– Consistent design throughout presentation– Fonts that are sized for viewing– Sufficient contrast
Apply a Design StyleHow-To1. Select the Design tab from the Ribbon2. View the templates that appear3. Select a template based on the following best practices− Avoid using red, green, and orange in combination− Choose a color scheme with sharp contrast− Choose solid colors− Avoid Serif fonts
EDITING TIPSEnable a Screen Reader to View & Read
Type Information in Outline ViewWhy?• Screen readers read text information from Outline view– Information not included in the outline will not be read by a screen reader• The Outline provides an overview& validates:– slides are logically sequenced– slide titles are unique and meaningful– reading order is correct
View the OutlineHands-On: Try It!1. On the View tab, in the Presentations View Group, select Normal2. In the pane that displays the Outline and Slides tab, select the Outline tab3. The Outline View will appear
Type Information in Outline PaneHow-To1. Place the mouse pointer in the area to insert text2. Begin typing text3. Press Enter, and then press the shift and tab keys simultaneously to create a new slide4. Press Enter, and then the Tab key to add a bullet item below the new slideNote: Shift & Tab will promote a paragraph Tab will demote a paragraph
PRESENTATION TECHNIQUESBest Practices
IN THE CLASSROOMOral Presentations
Oral PresentationsPrepare & Distribute• Address all errors and warnings in the MS Accessibility Checker– To ensure that distributed materials are accessible• Distribute the presentation electronically before the live presentation– To enable the visually impaired follow along with the oral delivery and help the learning disabled process more content
Oral PresentationsSlide Design• Ensure fonts are 24 point & above–To ensure that the presentation can be read from the back of the room • Use a minimally-patterned slide background–To avoid disrupting the information presented• Provide sufficient contrast–Sometimes the contrast needs to be more pronounced for projection• Remove excessive animation or flashing elements–Flashing text, transitions, & animations can cause migraines or seizures
Oral PresentationsDeliver• Indicate slide transitions with a sound or vocal announcement– To indicate that new content is being introduced• Describe information available only in visual or auditory format such as pictures, tables, graphs, audio clips, music– Those with visual or auditory loss focusing on the speaker will be made aware of the information being presented
BLACKBOARD & WEBOnline Presentations
Blackboard & WebPrepare•Before posting or distributing– Address all warnings & errors in the MS Accessibility Checker•Deactivate automatic transitions– Enable those with learning disabilities to view a presentation at their own pace
Blackboard & WebCaption• Include a transcript for embedded audio–Ensure deaf and hard of hearing can track what’s being presented in the video• Make captioning available for embedded video & player and ensure that controls are accessible–Those with disabilities need a clear way to read and listen to audio & video• Use the notes pane to hold a transcript of a narrated slide show that will be read by screen readers–Enable the hard of hearing to read content and screen readers to read to the blind
Blackboard & WebCommunicate• Ensure that color is not used to convey content –The visually disabled will not be able to distinguish meaning by color• Check reading order of text boxes that are not part of the native slide layout–Usually the last thing read by a screen reader
Blackboard & WebPost• Post unprotected PowerPoint to enable people to modify fonts (size, type, color), backgrounds–Clear, clean, and simple text is the best way to effectively relay information• Do not post html version–html does not reproduce slide titles making navigation confusing
Help & Information• Instructional Support Center (ISC)Room 110, Tech Center215-204-0789isc@temple.edu− Staff are available to help you make your materials accessible• Accessibility Website http://accessibility.temple.edu− For tips, how-to guides, policies, and resources
Fonts Disabilities Visual Final
Yıl : 2020
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