Sıra | DOSYA ADI | Format | Bağlantı |
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01. | Spatial Spaces Features Implements | pptx | Sunumu İndir |
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CRMgeo: Integration of CIDOC CRM with OGC Standards to model spatial information Martin Doerr, Gerald Hiebel, Institute of Computer ScienceFoundation for Research and Technology – Hellas, Crete, GreeceMay, 2013
Overview - MethodologyRefining the place concept of the CIDOC CRM ontologyPhenomenal Place based on Spacetime Volume and Reference SpaceDeclarative Place based on Place Expression and Coordinate SystemGeoinformation StandardsAbstract and Implementation Specifications“GeoSPARQL” Standard CRM Extension in RDFS implements refined Place concepts to link CRM with GeoSPARQLModel applied to GazetteersSpatiotemporal extension CRMgeo
RomansRomansGathering and burying of roman remainsVarus battle 9 ADGermansArchaeologists Excavation, Documentation& MeasurementBattle remainsEvidence from remains and tombsBattle remains and tombsRoman SourcePhenomenal and Declarative Place Example of the Varus battle
The Varus battle was a true event -> it happened in a Phenomenal Space Time Volume It happened in a Reference Space that still exists (a space at rest in relation to today's middle european continental plate) The event of the Varus Battle has a reasonable projection on the reference space which we want to call a “Phenomenal Place”Phenomenal Places derive their identity through events or physical things over the phenomenal spacetime volume that they occupyPhenomenal Places based on Spacetime Volumes and Reference Spaces
59 ADmiddle european continental platePhenomenal Places
Fight startsTime Reference Space SeafloorMoving Reference Spaces Spanish ship is sunkenBattle Spacetime VolumeRemains of battle & spanish ship on seafloorPhenomanal place of the battle on the seafloorBattle snapshotsSpanish ship sinks - maximal extent of battle in ship reference spaceSpanish ship is on fireTrajectory HMSReference Space HMS VictoryPhenomanal place of the battle on the ship
Locations within the Reference Space can be described using some kind of Spatial Coordinate Reference System that is fixed on Reference Points (Features) Geometric Place Expressions can be expressed in this Spatial Coordinate Reference System either to: state hypothesis of the location of the battle place derived of historic sources describe locations of measurements and interpolations Geometric Place Expressions define “Declarative Places” that are believed to approximate real locations (“Phenomenal Places”) of the battle or of measurementsDeclarative Places based on Coordinate Systems and Place ExpressionsDeclarative Places derive their identity through Place ExpressionsDeclarative Places may approximate Phenomenal Places
9 ADmiddle european continental plateDeclarative Places
Standards in Geoinformation-OGC and ISO 19100 SeriesOpen Geospatial Consortium (OGC) Purpose: development of open standards for geospatial contentISO/TC 211 (Geographic Information/Geomatics) ->ISO 19100 Series - Geographic information• extensive volume of ISO Standards on Geographic Information• Abstract Specifications – defined in UMLe.g. Spatial Schema, Temporal Schema, Spatial Referencing by Coordinates or Geographic Identifiers• Implementation Specificationse.g. Geography Markup Language (GML), Portrayal Services (WMS, WFS,…)
OGC Standard “GeoSPARQL”Overview• framework how to implement the OGC Standards (Abstract and Implementation Specifications) with semantic technologies through RDF/OWL encoding• definitions of SPARQL queriesOGC :The goal for the OGC GeoSPARQL standard is to support representing and querying geospatial data on the Semantic Web. GeoSPARQL defines a vocabulary for representing geospatial data in RDF, and it defines an extension to the SPARQL query language for processing geospatial data.
5 Components of GeoSPARQLCoreTopology Vocabulary Extension Geometry ExtensionGeometry Topology ExtensionQuery Rewrite Extension
GeoSPARQL Core Componenttop-level RDFS/OWL classes for spatial objectsSpatialObject • superclass of everything feature or geometry that can have a spatial representation• root class within the hierarchy of the GeoSPARQL ontologyFeature • Superclass of everything feature in GeoSPARQL“A feature is an abstraction of a real world phenomenon\ [ISO 19101]Core Component
GeoSPARQL - Geometry Component• RDFS/OWL classes for geometry object typesGeometry: root geometry class subclass of SpatialObject • RDFS data types for serializing geometry dataSerialization: coordinates are stored in a format which defines the sequence of the characters• Well Known Text (WKT) as defined by Simple Features or ISO 19125 • Geography Markup Language (GML) as defined in ISO 19136These specifications (ISO 19125, ISO 19136) are also the base for subclasses of the geometry class. An RDF/OWL class hierarchy can be generated from the WKT or GML schema<gml:Point srsDimension=\2\ srsName=\http://www.opengis.net/def/crs/EPSG/0/4326\> <gml:pos>49.40 -123.26</gml:pos> </gml:Point>POINT(49.40 -123.26)
GeoSPARQL - Geometry Component
Integration of CRM and GeoSPARQLGeoSPARQL + RDF data typesCIDOC CRM + CRMspatialExisting CRM properties
1.2. Space and time occupied by real world phenomena2.2. Space and time defined by human expressions 2.1. Human expressions to define space and time 2. Declarative world1.1. Real world phenomena1. Phenomenal worldSpatiotemporal extension CRMgeo
GazetteersGazetteers (as defined in ISO 19112) for Phenomenal Places• Location Types define the kind of phenomenal placese.g. countries, cities, physiographic features, mountains• Gazetteer Hierarchy can be split in phenomenal (is part of) and locational hierarchy (falls within)e.g. Mt. Everest (a mountain) is part of the Himalaya (mountain range) e.g. Stonehenge (archaeological site) falls within United Kingdom(country)• Coordinates in Gazetteers are Geometric Place Expressions that create Declarative Places with the goal to approximate Phenomenal Places• As Phenomenal Places are a projection of a Spacetime Volume the time of the phenomena is important information which is often not provided
Mapping of Gazetteers (ISO 19112 Spatial referencing by Geographic Identifiers)
Thank youThis research project has been funded within the Marie Curie Actions—Intra-European Fellowships (IEF) Funding scheme under project number 299998
INSPIRE based on OGC/ISO standardsInspire is the EU initiative to establish an infrastructure for spatial information in Europe that will help to make spatial or geographical information more accessible and interoperable Potential• Standards and methodology to build an interoperable infrastructure because services and encoding are well defined• Software to implement standards available• Examples for implementation available • EU Directive , politicaly enforcedPitfalls• ISO/OGC standards are very extensive • 34 different topics which are not semanticly integrated